Understanding Based Questions

A : True and False

---

B : Odd one out

---

C : Question & Answer

Practice yourself in your answer sheet (Hints are provide at the end of worksheet).

1. Question: Describe the role of enzymes in the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the human digestive system.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Question: Compare and contrast the digestive systems of herbivores and carnivores, highlighting adaptations that allow them to efficiently digest their respective diets.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Question: Explain how the process of photosynthesis contributes to both the energy flow and nutrient cycling in ecosystems.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Question: Discuss the importance of biodiversity in maintaining stable ecosystems, particularly in relation to food sources and ecological interactions.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Question: Analyze the impact of human activities such as deforestation or overfishing on food webs and ecosystem dynamics, providing examples of potential ecological consequences.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Answers

1. Answer: Enzymes in the human digestive system facilitate the breakdown of carbohydrates into sugars (e.g., amylase), proteins into amino acids (e.g., proteases), and fats into fatty acids and glycerol (e.g., lipases), aiding in nutrient absorption.
2. Answer: Herbivores have longer digestive tracts and specialized stomach compartments (e.g., rumen in ruminants) to digest cellulose from plants. Carnivores have shorter digestive tracts adapted for quickly digesting animal protein with stronger stomach acids.
3. Answer: Photosynthesis converts solar energy into chemical energy (glucose) in plants, which fuels ecosystems by providing food for herbivores. It also releases oxygen and removes carbon dioxide, influencing global carbon cycling.
4. Answer: Biodiversity ensures varied food sources and ecological interactions, supporting stability in ecosystems. It enhances resilience to environmental changes, aids in nutrient cycling, and provides ecosystem services like pollination and pest control.
5. Answer: Deforestation disrupts habitats, reduces biodiversity, and alters food webs by removing plant species crucial for herbivores. Overfishing depletes fish populations, impacting marine food webs and leading to ecological imbalances in aquatic ecosystems.